Methodology

Design out Threat. Write in 3As. Treat in 5D.

Every Bastion SRA template follows the same three building blocks. They are simple to write, consistent to compare across sites, and defensible in front of auditors and regulators.

Design out Threat (DOT©)

An Africa-focused structured risk assessment framework developed by Omega Training Academy and endorsed by ISMI (UK). It frames assessments around designing threat out of the operating environment rather than reacting to it.

3As risk statements

Each risk is written as the Action of an Asset by an Adversary. Forces clarity on what is at stake, what could happen to it, and who would do it.

5D treatment

Controls are mapped to Deter, Detect, Delay, Defend, and Deny. Layered defence — no single layer is expected to stop a determined adversary.

5×5 Likelihood × Impact matrix

Likelihood runs along the horizontal axis; impact along the vertical. Score = L × I. Treatment intensity should correspond to the score, with the residual target set at ALARP — As Low As Reasonably Practicable.

Impact ↓ / Likelihood →Very LowLowMediumHighVery High
Very High510152025
High48121620
Medium3691215
Low246810
Very Low12345
01
Deter

Lighting, signage, visible patrols, hard-target appearance.

02
Detect

Sensors, monitored CCTV, randomised patrol, community intel.

03
Delay

Layered fencing, security film, vaulted doors, cable encasement.

04
Defend

On-site reaction, armed response SLA, SAPS CIP liaison.

05
Deny

Remove the prize: marking, redundancy, value reduction.